CVE-2026-41523
vLLM: Security Check Bypass via assert Statement in Activation Function Loading Allows Arbitrary Code Execution
CVSS Score
7.5
EPSS Score
0.0%
EPSS Percentile
0th
vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). Prior to 0.22.0, an assert-based security check in vLLM's activation function loading allows any unauthenticated attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution on the server by publishing a malicious HuggingFace model, when vLLM runs in Python optimized mode (python -O or PYTHONOPTIMIZE=1). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.22.0.
| CWE | CWE-94 CWE-617 |
| Vendor | vllm-project |
| Product | vllm |
| Published | Jun 22, 2026 |
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CVSS v3 Breakdown
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Affected Versions
vllm-project / vllm
< 0.22.0